The cause of the arthrosis of the knee joint

The deforming arthrosis of the knee joint is called gonartrosi in medicine: this is a degenerative distrusing disease in the knee cartilage, which covers the conditions of the femur and tibia.

With the arthrosis of the knee joint, the symptoms develop gradually, for years, the main manifestation of the disease is pain, rigidity during movement. It is gonartrosis that is considered the most common disease between the arthrosis of other joints, such as the arthrosis of the hip, the arthrosis of the elbow or the shoulder joints and the phalanges of the fingers.

Very often, the disease affects the faces of over 40, women are more susceptible to arthrosis. Sometimes it develops in young people against the background of injuries or in excessive loads athletes.

Knee arthrosis: symptoms, causes, phases of the disease

Symptoms of knee illegal.

There may be several symptoms of a serious disease (bone arthritis, joints) and do not all happen simultaneously, but gradually when the cartilage tissues are destroyed.

Consider the symptoms of arthrosis of the knee joint in all phases (phases) of the disease.

In the initial phase, the patient has a minimum discomfort, but also a light pain, but rather acute in the knee joint. A problem that becomes a journey or long excursions becomes problematic. In addition, the pain that has endured the body begins to worsen and the person already becomes uncomfortable in the knees, after some physical effort or when he rises from sedentary positions, when there is a load on the lower part of the limbs. In such cases, they feel severe pain in the cartilage or in the knee joint. This pain leaves quickly, but every time he returns.

In the next phase of the disease, not only the painful sensations have improved, but also begin to change the knee. Due to the fluid accumulated in the cartilage tissue, the knees can become spherical and slightly swelling.

Also, everything is worse. If the disease is not treated, the blood circulation process is disturbed in the knee, the area of the hyalinic cartilage drys off and the cartilage itself can break, after which it starts to collapse and various types of growths will begin to appear on the bone structure. At this stage, the cartilage movement is already very difficult and every step is taken to a person with difficulty. The walk causes severe pain, which practically does not end and the discomfort occurs, the degeneration of the cartilage occurs.

The last phase of the disease is when the knee joint is already completely affected, there is no cartilage tissue in the knee and a person without support simply cannot sit and get up, he cannot move completely, without feeling severe pain in his movements.

• Symptoms that must be reacted. A person must react even when the pain that occurs in the knee begins with the slightest stress and stresses on the leg, when when walking or disqualities, a crunch of knees occurs, when the movements are discouraged, his legs get tired quickly, the swelling appears in the knees.
• What to do if the joints hurt? If the joints of the knees began to hurt or there was severe pain in the cups when you get up and sit down, consult a doctor immediately. Do not wait until the arthrosis of the knee joint will completely hit the articulation and cartilage of the knee, go to the doctor as soon as you heard the first symptoms of the disease. Remember, when the disease has already completely hit the cartilage tissue, the deformation of the bone occurs and the pain does not subside the day, neither at night, nor when walking or without it.
• When to contact a rheumatologist? A person should be addressed to a rheumatologist at the first manifestations (symptoms) of the disease.
• The main symptoms of arthrosis. The main symptoms of illegal knee, on which you should build your attention: the pains of any intensity and strength in the knees or by a knee, which are felt by a person when lifting from a sitting or lying position, when walking; the pain that manifests itself in the cups of the knee during the elevators on the stairs; The occurrence of pain syndrome immediately after a person comes out of a rest of rest, for example, rises after sitting and starts moving.

The causes of arthrosis of the knee joint.

The arthrosis of the knee joint can affect a person for a series of reasons: this is age (over the years the cartilage is consumed) and intense physical therapy on the leg or leg and various types of knee injuries and much more.

The main reasons for the development of osteoarthritis:

1. Overweight.
2. Elderly.
3. Inheritance.
4. Osteoporosis.
5. The shortage in the body of vitamins and the umbarowed useful necessary for the bones.
6. Specific work with constant loads on the cups of the knees.
7. Metabolic disorders.
8. Sport (intensive training, loaded on one leg or both legs).
9. Knee injuries.

To avoid disability, it is necessary to consult a rheumatologist in time for qualified assistance.

What happens to the articulation with arthrosis.

At each phases of the disease, its changes occur in the cartilage, joints and knee bones.

So, at the beginning of the development of the disease, cartilage softens hard, becomes very vulnerable. In addition, Microcack and small tears, which gradually increase, appear on the surface of the joints. The next phase: the cartilage begins to grow and increase the thickness. The last phase is the complete destruction of the cartilage on a specific or particular section of the joint.

Arthrosis of the knee joint, degree of illness

All rheumatologists reveal the three degrees of arthrosis of the human knee.

First. It is characterized by a slight narrowing of the slots directly between the joints themselves, which leads to a slight discomfort and no constraint of movements.

The second. On it, the doctors note a pronounced narrowing of the cracks between the joints, the formation of osteophytes and cysts, the appearance of a strong crunch in the knees.

The third and last. On it there is a change in the forms of osteophytes, a partial or complete change (destruction) of the bones occurs, the movement of the legs in the knees becomes impossible.

The degree of arthrosis of the knee joint

• Arthos of the knee joint 1 degree. At this stage, the disorder is emerging alone, the cartilage is almost whole and the bones are not deformed. At this moment, people feel unwitting in the cups of the knee with some loads, even frivolous on the leg. These pains pass, but then they present themselves again and again, pass and appear again, they already become more frequent, it can start a swelling, which, according to the observation of the patients, takes place without taking pills and the use of ointments.
• Osteoarthritis of the knee joint 2 degrees. This phase is already characterized by slightly large pain compared to the initial phase. Pain occurs not only if there is an intensive load, but also with ordinary walk, when gravity is raised, when it rises from a sitting position. A distinct crunch of knees begins to hear. Already in the phase indicated, it gradually begins, slowly or intensely (depending on the individuality of the body), the articulation is deformed, human movements become limited.
• Osteoarthritis of the 3 -degree knee joint. In the end, and this is the third, the degree of our disease, the symptoms are already very expressed very expressed, the pain in the joints of the knees is regular and the modification of the bones is already evident from the eye. Human mobility is almost completely limited, it is very difficult for the patient to choose a convenient position for himself, pain does not subside.

Arthrosis of the knee joint - Symptoms and treatment

General symptoms include:

• the feeling of pain in the cups of the knees when a person moves (the beginning of the disease);
• pain in the affected areas, which every day become stronger;
• Night pain in the knee joints;
• edema in the areas affected by the disease;
• Dry ruggy crunch of knees;
• Deformation of bones in places affected by the disease.

The main symptoms of arthrosis of the knee joint

The main symptoms (the main ones, according to arthrosis doctors) are four.

These include:

• pain during the knee movement;
• dry crunch in the places concerned;
• reduction of the ability to move the sick legs;
• Changes external interested areas (complete or partial).
• Diagnosis and treatment for the arthrosis of the knee joint.

Having carefully examined the patient, the rheumatologist evaluates the situation, transforming the gaze towards the changes visible from the eye in the areas of a knee or both and their direct mobility. The survey method places the places of pain and creak, as well as the intensity of these pains.

In addition to an X -ray for the patient, the doctor prescribes computerized tomography and (or) magnetic resonance imaging. These studies are necessary to establish accurate diagnosis and prescribe correct treatment.

Treatment of knee arthrosis, treatment methods

The treatment of arthrosis of any stage of the knee joint includes:

• methods of treatment with medicines;
• Treatment methods with operating therapy and special physiotherapy;
• Treatment methods using the most ordinary massage;
• Surgery.

What gives effective therapy.

Effective therapy prescribed by a doctor contributes to:

• removal of acute pain;
• The restoration of the destroyed cartilage tissue (if possible, the result depends on the degree of disease);
• increased joint mobility.

In the elimination of illegal knee, the therapy for exercise plays a special role, a special diet based on legumes and dairy products -caseari and massages. If the therapy prescribed for one reason or another has not shown the desired result, the patient is prescribed an operation to install a special prosthesis that replaces the joint.

Arthrosis of the knee joint: treatment, drugs

A competent treatment with arthrosis of the cartilage tissues of the knee joint (violations of the composition of the cartilage) prescribed by the rheumatologist includes an entire complex of drugs. This treatment complex usually includes:

• Nonireeroid, aimed at removing inflammation, drugs.
• Condroprotectors.
• Special creams or ointments.
• Therapeutic agents on the basis of which compressed are made.

Very often, for the treatment of arthrosis of the knee cartilage, doctors prescribe the ibuprofen of any manufacturer, also indomethacin of any production, ketoprofen, diclofenac, pyroxic and others.

The appointment of these drugs contributes to the rapid elimination of pain, due to which the patient can start a fruitful treatment in other ways: the massage method, medical exercises, etc.

As for the ointments, most of the time for the patient the use (rubbing with massage movements in the painful area) of these drugs in the form of dense ointments (creams) and gel, such as Diclofenac, Fastum, Ferbedon, Transivazina, Dolgit and others.

The list of special gels and ointments: external preparations for the joints in the modern pharmacological market are very large and diversified, and therefore, on the recommendation of a doctor, the patient can choose from the most suitable and effective total number specifically in his case.

Some of the most popular recipes for traditional medicine against knee arthrosis.

1. Treatment with a charger or ordinary load. For the treatment, it is necessary (it is necessary to take three sheets of burdock (it is better to take the young leaves), attach them to the painful knee and wrap them with a gauze, which is sold in any pharmacy or bandage. In addition to Marley, it is also better to use a hot scarf. The procedure must be repeated every day before bedtime, leaving the lighthouse leaves at a painful point all night.
2. With the arthrosis and the juice of the plant, curtain will help. You have to buy or get the curtain juice by itself. Having saturated with such juice of a linen or any other natural fabric, apply it in a sore point for 45-55 minutes. After removing the bandage, immediately scratch the joint with any vegetable oil. Repeat the treatment for at least 10 days, then take the same break and repeat the course again.
3. Treatment of arthrosis by a lion tooth. For this therapy, it will be necessary to create a collection of flowers of a lion tooth in bloom. To obtain the adequate effect, folk healers recommend that patients eat daily five tooth to deck flowers, previously lowered in boiled hot water and washed inside. In addition, from the Leo tooth flowers, you can make a special infusion of grinding. To do this, a bank is taken, which is previously treated with boiling water, half full of lion tooth flowers and poured (second half of the jar) by conventional from any triple colony. The product is placed in a dark place and closes under the lid. After 30 days, the infusion can be used to take advantage of the painful spots. The rubbing movements are performed clockwise for 20-30 seconds for knees.

After using these compressions, about 75% of patients detect a significant improvement in their conditions, a decrease in pain and an almost complete disappearance of a characteristic crust of the knees.

ShouldRemember that the recipes for traditional medicine do not treat the disease, can only integrate the therapeutic course of treatment with medicines, making this course more effective.

If you prepare one of the medium of traditional medicine or correctly prepare the raw materials for this tool, you are not able to do independently, it is better to buy these components in a pharmacy or ask to collect plants of competent people (folk healers, grandmothers).

Therapeutic gymnastics

A special place in the treatment of arthrosis in the knees is occupied by a special therapeutic gymnastics (operating therapy). It is prescribed to patients, regardless of the treatment process in order to improve the flow and outflow of blood in an affected area, increase muscle strength and prevent contractures. Shown together with the use of special drugs.

LFK for arthrosis is not a specific treatment at all, it is an auxiliary method to combat the disease that is prescribed in combination with a special medicinal course.

Several therapeutic gymnastics exercises for treatment and prevention:

1. It is necessary to go to a difficult place (floor). Fold and immediately extend your knees immediately with both legs. It is recommended to repeat the exercises for 3-5 minutes as often as possible in one day. The load on both legs should be the same.
2. Lie on the back, on the floor, it crosses the legs with the scissors (foot on the leg, first the right leg from above, then from the bottom), keeping the knees in an exposed state. It is recommended to repeat these movements every day. The exercises should not cause discomfort, with pain it is better to abandon such an exercise.
3. Lie on the back, in a solid place, pushing it in turn to the stomach, bending another leg in the knee. These movements, performed daily, will help you exclude the risk area. It is recommended to repeat the exercises every day for 3-4 minutes as often as possible. The load on both legs, as in the first case, should be the same.

An operating therapy for the treatment of arthrosis of the joint cartilage of the knee will bring more beneficial if therapeutic exercises are combined with a special massage.

Changes visible in the condition with the use of physiotherapy exercises in the patient can occur in 7-10 days.

If you are not able to perform operating therapy alone, it is better to refuse the exercises.

Arthrosis of the knee joint: the first symptoms, treatment, prevention and diet

In summary, they would like to notice that having discovered the first symptoms of the disease, and these are pain in the knee joints and a characteristic crew, go immediately from the doctor and begin a special treatment with drugs.

A diet that will help with arthrosis.

Immediately if you find arthrosis or to prevent the disease, review the diet of your usual diet. In the daily diet, there should be a steam or boiled dish. It is better if foods that have a beneficial effect on bones, ligaments, joints and cartilage are used in food. These products include: all legumes, ricotta, hard varieties of cheese, soup, baked fish, hazelnuts, hazelnuts, almonds, pumpkin, courgettes, carrots, broccoli and cauliflower, prepared on the basis of the bones.

A diet that is described above is not a specific method of treatment, for effective treatment it should be used in combination with medicines, medical exercises and massage.

The first group of reasons: hereditary and age factors

Inheritance

The arthrosis of the knee joint is a disease in which a hereditary predisposition is pronounced. So if you are a woman and your mother has suffered from osteoarthritis in any form (not all knees), the probability of obtaining this disease is 2-3 times higher than the average of the population. If you have sisters and are also sick of arthrosis, then the probability of its appearance is even more.

In addition, there are diseases with a hereditary predisposition in which the connective tissue is interested - the collagenous so called, which include, for example, a Sticler syndrome. In the presence of such defects by collagen - a substance that is part of the ligaments - also increases the probability of developing the disease.

In part of this group of causes of knee arthrosis, the diseases of the endocrine system are adjacent: diabetes mellitus, lack of female sex hormones in menopause and a series of other conditions.

Age

Unfortunately, the older the person becomes, the greater the risk of osteoarthritis. This is due to the fact that with age the ability of the regeneration and restoration cartilage decreases and the metabolism in the joints deteriorates.

So, if at the age of 45, this disorder suffers from 1, 5 to 3-4% of the population (US data), then almost every third person is sick in the interval from 45 to 65 years (30%). And at the age of 65-85, the frequency of the development of the disease jumps up to 80 or more percent!

Furthermore, in patients with mature age, the development of the disease is influenced not only by the age itself, but also by hormonal changes. Therefore, in menopause women, the probability of development of osteoarthritis increases clearly. This is due to the fact that estrogen - female sex hormones - regulate the processes of metabolism in the joints, cartilage, bones and ligaments. When they become smaller (when menopause), the metabolism in these tissues worsens and the risk of osteoarthritis increases clearly.

Second group of causes: congenital and acquired diseases of the musculoskeletal system

Inflammation of the joint

The inflammation of the knee joint (arthritis, more precisely, unit) is one of the most common causes of gonartrosis. Unfortunately, most of the microorganisms that penetrate the joint and cause its inflammation contribute to the fact that the delicate cartilage is deformed. At the same time, its nutrition worsens significantly, the shape of the cartilage surfaces of the bones changes, etc.

For all these reasons, the normal scrolling of the cartilage in the joint bones is disturbed. This leads to a further trauma of the cartilage, worsens the volume of movements in the articulation and, until the end, creates a very fertile ground for the development of osteoarthritis.

Knee operations and injuries

Another common cause of the disease is the presence of knee injuries and surgical interventions on it. Very often there is both one and the other, for example, when, due to sports injuries, an operational removal of meniscus is carried out. The normal function of the joint is compromised, the load on the variations of the cartilage, intensify in atypical places and, consequently, the osteoarthritis of the knee is formed.

Metabolic disorder in the body

The cartilage tissue in the joints is one of the few, whose nutrition does not occur through the delivery of nutrients through the blood vessels. The cartilage is "consumed" by the spread of nutrients with synovial fluid, as well as directly from the pineal glands according to the same principle.

This is a rather thin and fragile mechanism, therefore, if various metabolic disorders occur in the body, it can break and stop working. Therefore, some diseases in which metabolism in the body is very disturbed can contribute to osteoarthritis.

These diseases include primary and secondary gout, joint condromatosis, emocromatosis, wise, as well as Wilson-Konovalov's disease and a series of other diseases. In addition, endocrine diseases can also be added to this group that also affects metabolism throughout the body: diabetes mellitus and the lack of female sex hormones (estrogen) in old age due to menopause.

Third group of reasons: increased loads and microtrauma cartilage

Sport and hard physical work at work

As already mentioned, cartilage nutrition is a very thin mechanism that can stop not only the problems of the metabolism, but also an increase in loads on the knee joint.

This happens quite often with intensive sports, as well as when a person's work involves high physical activity, as well as prolonging standing standing without the ability to sit and relax.

At the same time, some muscle groups (for example, the muscles of the lower part of the leg and thigh) are overwritten. This worsens nutrition in muscles and joints, which means that there are problems with metabolism within the cartilage, when cartilages simply do not have time to recover after such a strong physical effort on the joint.

Diagnosis of arthrosis

The arthrosis of the knee joint must be differentiated (distinct) by rheumatic, inflammatory and some other diseases with similar symptoms.

For this, a standard examination standard has been adopted, which includes a general biochemical blood test, radiographic examination, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound.

With arthrosis, a blood test does not reveal significant deviations from the norm. A change in blood composition, an increase in the level of immune cells and antibodies usually indicates another disease.

Since arthrosis does not manifest itself in the analyzes in any way, the only reliable way to diagnose is a hardware exam.

X -Raggi, as a more common and economic examination method, is able to identify arthrosis and its stadium in a relatively accurate way.

In the framework, the structural changes in the joints and in the bones are clearly distinguished. The X -RAGE exam allows you to detect structural deformations, determine defects in joint surfaces.

For a reliable determination of Gonartrosis and the stadium of its development, a further examination is used in combination with X -Ray: on ultrasound devices, magnetic resonance imaging or coach.

The methodology for the diagnosis of arthrosis is designed to ensure accurate detection of the disease in the early stages of development, which will deal effectively.

Unfortunately, due to the details of the disease, the effectiveness of this approach is small: patients are inclined not to pay attention to weak pain and the light Croma and are led to the doctor already in the second or third phase of the gonartrosis.

Additional recommendations: Prevention

The preventive measures aim to eliminate the risk factors that lead to the development of arthrosis.

It is recommended to engage in moderate physical activity. In this case, the possible injury, overexation and hypothermia of the joints should be avoided.

As noted above, no connection has been established between the diet and the risk of developing arthrosis.

However, it is recommended to reduce the consumption of savory and spicy foods, alcohol and cigarettes: this will improve the general conditions of the body and reduce the load on the joint.

In the presence of a family history, indicating a genetic predisposition, a physical examination should be regularly subjected to. In general, arthrosis prevention is to guide a moderate lifestyle. It is important not to start the disease and consult a doctor at the slightest suspicion of arthrosis.